A Activity diagram used in UML 6/9 and SysML B Bachman diagram Booch used in software engineering Block diagram Block Definition Diagram BDD used in SysML C Carroll diagram Cartogram Catalytic cycle Chemical equation Curly arrow diagram Category theory diagrams Cause-and-effect diagram Chord diagram Circuit diagram Class diagram from UML 1/9 Collaboration diagram from UML 2.0 Communication diagram from UML 2.0 Commutative diagram Comparison diagram Component diagram from UML 3/9 Composite structure diagram from UML 2.0 Concept map Constellation diagram Context diagram Control flow diagram Contour diagram Cordier diagram Cross functional flowchart D Data model diagram Data flow diagram Data structure diagram Dendrogram Dependency diagram Deployment diagram from UML 9/9 Dot and cross diagram Double bubble map used in education Drakon-chart E Entity-Relationship diagram ERD Event-driven process chain Euler diagram Eye diagram a diagram of a received telecommunications signal Express-G Extended Functional Flow Block Diagram EFFBD F Family tree Feynman diagram Flow chart Flow process chart Flow diagram Fusion diagram Free body diagram G Gantt chart shows the timing of tasks or activities used in project management Grotrian diagram Goodman diagram shows the fatigue data example: for a wind turbine blades H Hasse diagram HIPO diagram I Internal Block Diagram IBD used in SysML IDEF0 IDEF1 entity relations Interaction overview diagram from UML Ishikawa diagram J Jackson diagram K Karnaugh map Kinematic diagram L Ladder diagram Line of balance Link grammar diagram M Martin ERD Message Sequence Chart Mind map used for learning, brainstorming, memory, visual thinking and problem solving Minkowski spacetime diagram Molecular orbital diagram N N2 Nassi Shneiderman diagram or structogram a representation for structured programming Nomogram Network diagram O Object diagram from UML 2/9 Organigram Onion diagram also known as "stacked Venn diagram" P Package diagram from UML 4/9 and SysML Parametric diagram from SysML PERT Petri net shows the structure of a distributed system as a directed bipartite graph with annotations Phylogenetic tree - represents a phylogeny evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms Piping and instrumentation diagram P&ID Phase diagram used to present solid/liquid/gas information Plant Diagram Pressure volume diagram used to analyse engines Pourbaix diagram Process flow diagram or PFD used in chemical engineering Program structure diagram R Radar chart Radial Diagram Requirement Diagram Used in SysML Rich Picture R-diagram Routing diagram S Sankey diagram represents material, energy or cost flows with quantity proportional arrows in a process network. Sentence diagram represents the grammatical structure of a natural language sentence. Sequence diagram from UML 8/9 and SysML SDL/GR diagram Specification and Description Language. SDL is a formal language used in computer science. Smith chart Spider chart Spray diagram SSADM Structured Systems Analysis and Design Methodology used in software engineering Star chart/Celestial sphere State diagram are used for state machines in software engineering from UML 7/9 Swim lane Syntax diagram used in software engineering to represent a context-free grammar Systems Biology Graphical Notation a graphical notation used in diagrams of biochemical and cellular processes studied in Systems biology System context diagram System structure Systematic layout planning T Timing Diagram: Digital Timing Diagram Timing Diagram: UML 2.0 TQM Diagram Treemap U UML diagram Unified Modeling Language used in software engineering Use case diagram from UML 5/9 and SysML V Value Stream Mapping Venn diagram Voronoi diagram W Warnier-Orr Williot diagram Y Yourdon-Coad see Edward Yourdon, used in software engineering
If you discover any rendering problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there is a better or more up to date source for the page, or you have corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON (which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to man pages@man7.org GNU coreutils 9.9 November 2025 LS(1)
Linux ls command with help, including examples, syntax, and related commands to efficiently list files and directories from the command line.
Long file listing with ls color=auto l in Linux showing various modes, date formats, colors and appended indicators (executables and directories). ls is a shell command for listing files – including special files such as directories.
In this tutorial, we explained the syntax, options, and practical examples of using the Linux ls command. Mastering this command will enhance your efficiency in navigating the file system and streamline your workflow in a Linux environment.
Utilize the full potential of the common ls command. Check out the basics as well as advanced ls command examples in Linux.
Note: Using the 'ls l' option will display a long listing format of content one per line of the current directory. The line started with some characteristics of "file or directory permission, Owner and Group Name, File size, created modified date and time, file folder name".
The default behaviour of ls is to only pass color control codes to tty output color=auto. To pipe the output to a second command complete with color codes then set color=always
ls (1) Linux man page Name ls list directory contents Synopsis ls [OPTION]... [FILE]... Description List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries alphabetically if none of cftuvSUX nor sort. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. a, all do not ignore entries ...
The most basic way to use ls command is to simply make it list files and directories in your current directory. You don’t need to specify any parameters for it, just type the command itself.
Mastering the ls command, like any Linux command, requires practice. So, dive into your Linux terminal and start experimenting with these examples to unlock the full potential of the ls command.
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